東營固井工具廠家　　瓜爾(er)膠(jiao)(jiao)，英文名為“guargum”，是(shi)從(cong)廣(guang)(guang)泛種(zhong)植于(yu)(yu)印巴次(ci)大陸的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)豆科植物——瓜爾(er)豆中提取的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)高純(chun)化天然(ran)(ran)(ran)多糖(tang)(tang)由于(yu)(yu)其(qi)獨(du)特(te)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分子結構特(te)點及天然(ran)(ran)(ran)性(xing)(xing)，使其(qi)迅(xun)速(su)成(cheng)為性(xing)(xing)能優(you)越的(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型環保(bao)造紙(zhi)助劑(ji)，同時它(ta)還(huan)被廣(guang)(guang)泛應用(yong)于(yu)(yu)食品、石(shi)油、醫藥(yao)等領域。　　瓜爾(er)膠(jiao)(jiao)為大分子天然(ran)(ran)(ran)親水(shui)膠(jiao)(jiao)體，主要由半(ban)乳糖(tang)(tang)和(he)甘露糖(tang)(tang)聚合為食品而成(cheng)屬于(yu)(yu)天然(ran)(ran)(ran)半(ban)乳甘露聚糖(tang)(tang)，品質改良劑(ji)之一(yi)(yi)，一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)天然(ran)(ran)(ran)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增稠(chou)(chou)劑(ji)。外觀是(shi)從(cong)白色到微黃色的(de)(de)(de)(de)自(zi)由流動粉末(mo)，能溶(rong)于(yu)(yu)冷水(shui)或熱水(shui)，遇水(shui)后及形(xing)成(cheng)膠(jiao)(jiao)狀(zhuang)物質，達到迅(xun)速(su)增稠(chou)(chou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)效。主要分為食品級和(he)工(gong)業(ye)級（油田使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)屬于(yu)(yu)工(gong)業(ye)級）兩種(zhong)。一(yi)(yi)般出口包裝是(shi)25KG/袋，外層牛(niu)皮(pi)紙(zhi)，內(nei)層PE薄膜袋。廣(guang)(guang)泛用(yong)于(yu)(yu)石(shi)油壓裂、鉆井等增稠(chou)(chou)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)，以及食品添加劑(ji)，印染(ran)和(he)建筑涂(tu)料等行(xing)業(ye)。瓜爾(er)膠(jiao)(jiao)是(shi)已知的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)有(you)效和(he)水(shui)溶(rong)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)天然(ran)(ran)(ran)聚合物。在低濃度下，可形(xing)成(cheng)高粘稠(chou)(chou)溶(rong)液，表現出非牛(niu)頓流變特(te)性(xing)(xing)，與(yu)硼(peng)砂形(xing)成(cheng)酸可逆凝膠(jiao)(jiao)由于(yu)(yu)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)獨(du)特(te)性(xing)(xing)能，目前已應用(yong)于(yu)(yu)食品、制藥(yao)、化妝品、個(ge)人保(bao)健(jian)、石(shi)油、粘蚊(wen)劑(ji)、造紙(zhi)和(he)紡織(zhi)印染(ran)等行(xing)業(ye)。。

font管道支架主要由石(shi)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)裂化(hua)殘渣油(you)(you)(you)和(he)直餾殘渣油(you)(you)(you)制成的(de)(de)其特點是黑褐色粘稠狀可燃液體(ti)，粘度(du)適中(zhong)，燃料(liao)(liao)性(xing)能好，發(fa)熱量大，含非烴化(hua)合物、膠質、瀝(li)青質較多。廣泛用(yong)于船舶(bo)鍋爐(lu)(lu)燃料(liao)(liao)、加熱爐(lu)(lu)燃料(liao)(liao)、冶金爐(lu)(lu)和(he)其他工業爐(lu)(lu)燃料(liao)(liao)。用(yong)于作鍋爐(lu)(lu)燃料(liao)(liao)，霧化(hua)性(xing)良(liang)好，燃料(liao)(liao)完全(quan)，腐(fu)蝕性(xing)少。燃料(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)(you)按sh0356-1996分為1號(hao)(hao)(hao)、2號(hao)(hao)(hao)、4號(hao)(hao)(hao)輕、4號(hao)(hao)(hao)、5號(hao)(hao)(hao)輕、5號(hao)(hao)(hao)重、6號(hao)(hao)(hao)和(he)7號(hao)(hao)(hao)8個牌號(hao)(hao)(hao)。　　由于環保燃料(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)卸需要占用(yong)專用(yong)設(she)施設(she)備(bei)，占用(yong)的(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間成本較高，環保燃料(liao)(liao)油(you)(you)(you)在裝(zhuang)卸過程中(zhong)的(de)(de)危險性(xing)較大，對天氣(qi)、氣(qi)溫(wen)、泊位水(shui)深等也有一定的(de)(de)要求(qiu)，故一般對裝(zhuang)卸時(shi)(shi)間和(he)速度(du)要求(qiu)比較嚴格。。

負離子粉防腐涂(tu)料首要使(shi)用的(de)(de)范疇有(you)(you)：　　①新式海(hai)(hai)洋(yang)工(gong)程(cheng)：海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、海(hai)(hai)岸及(ji)海(hai)(hai)灣構造(zao)物(wu)、海(hai)(hai)上(shang)(shang)石(shi)油(you)(you)鉆井渠道(dao)(dao)；　　②現(xian)代交通運輸(shu)(shu)：高速(su)公(gong)路(lu)護(hu)欄、橋(qiao)梁(liang)、船艇、集裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)、火車(che)(che)及(ji)鐵(tie)道(dao)(dao)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、轎車(che)(che)、機(ji)場設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)；　　③能源工(gong)業(ye)：水(shui)工(gong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、水(shui)罐(guan)(guan)、氣(qi)罐(guan)(guan)、石(shi)油(you)(you)精制設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、石(shi)油(you)(you)儲存設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)（油(you)(you)管(guan)、油(you)(you)罐(guan)(guan)）、輸(shu)(shu)變電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、核(he)電(dian)、煤(mei)礦；　　④大型(xing)工(gong)業(ye)企業(ye)：造(zao)紙設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、醫藥設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、食物(wu)化(hua)工(gong)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、金屬容器內(nei)外壁、化(hua)工(gong)、鋼鐵(tie)、石(shi)化(hua)廠的(de)(de)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)、貯(zhu)槽、礦山鍛(duan)煉、水(shui)泥廠設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、有(you)(you)腐蝕介質的(de)(de)地面(mian)、墻(qiang)面(mian)、水(shui)泥構件　　⑤市政設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)：煤(mei)氣(qi)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)及(ji)其(qi)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)（如煤(mei)氣(qi)柜）、天(tian)然氣(qi)管(guan)道(dao)(dao)、飲(yin)水(shui)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)、垃(la)圾處理設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)等。　　當防腐涂(tu)料噴涂(tu)后，會在設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)構成防腐涂(tu)層(ceng)，該涂(tu)層(ceng)有(you)(you)杰出的(de)(de)附著力、物(wu)理性能和(he)力學(xue)性能，可(ke)保護(hu)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)，增(zeng)加使(shi)用壽命。。

偶聯劑螺桿泵中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)已(yi)是(shi)全(quan)球第二(er)大原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，但(dan)相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格也較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)隨著(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)經濟的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展，原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)量(liang)仍(reng)將繼續攀升(sheng)，對(dui)外(wai)依存(cun)度(du)將長(chang)期保持在六成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)左右(you)；未來兩三年內(nei)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)可(ke)能就將成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為全(quan)球的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，而由于(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)對(dui)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)定價(jia)(jia)(jia)影響力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)失(shi)，原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格仍(reng)將很(hen)難下降。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海關(guan)總(zong)署(shu)發布的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數據顯示，2012年中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)量(liang)約為2.71億噸(dun)，同比(bi)增長(chang)6.8%，對(dui)外(wai)依存(cun)度(du)約58%，創下歷史紀錄。世界石(shi)(shi)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)輸出(chu)(chu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)組織歐佩(pei)克等諸多機構(gou)預測，2013年中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)對(dui)外(wai)依存(cun)度(du)將突破60%。對(dui)于(yu)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)飆升(sheng)感(gan)受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)莫過(guo)于(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)煉(lian)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)企業(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)內(nei)部(bu)人(ren)士對(dui)本(ben)(ben)(ben)報記(ji)者(zhe)坦言，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)絕大部(bu)分都由中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)消(xiao)化(hua)，目前公司(si)外(wai)購(gou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)量(liang)占比(bi)已(yi)經超(chao)過(guo)80%，負責采(cai)(cai)購(gou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)門(men)以(yi)及整(zheng)個公司(si)，都在想(xiang)方設法地(di)降低原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)，比(bi)如在國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)建設倉儲(chu)基地(di)，組建自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物流運輸團隊等。去(qu)(qu)年，國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)期貨(huo)均價(jia)(jia)(jia)創下歷史年水平(ping)，WTI原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)均價(jia)(jia)(jia)為94.2美元(yuan)/桶，布倫特(te)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)均價(jia)(jia)(jia)111.7美元(yuan)/桶。有媒體報道稱，去(qu)(qu)年中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)達(da)到(dao)110.31美元(yuan)/桶，進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)總(zong)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)高(gao)(gao)達(da)1.38萬(wan)億元(yuan)，原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單項進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)商(shang)品(pin)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)以(yi)及日本(ben)(ben)(ben)、印度(du)等亞洲地(di)區進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格普遍高(gao)(gao)于(yu)歐美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家。至于(yu)其中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)緣由，朱(zhu)春凱表示，出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)牢(lao)牢(lao)掌(zhang)握(wo)了定價(jia)(jia)(jia)權，他們(men)認為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)需求量(liang)大，只能不斷進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)，所以(yi)定價(jia)(jia)(jia)偏高(gao)(gao)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)企業(ye)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候幾乎(hu)沒有一點討價(jia)(jia)(jia)還價(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)余地(di)。2012年獲得中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)內(nei)部(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)(kou)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)齊魯石(shi)(shi)化(hua)負責人(ren)總(zong)結其國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)采(cai)(cai)購(gou)秘訣是(shi)：ldquo，緊盯國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)市場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化(hua)情(qing)況，采(cai)(cai)購(gou)性價(jia)(jia)(jia)比(bi)相對(dui)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)；跟(gen)總(zong)部(bu)相關(guan)部(bu)門(men)及聯(lian)合(he)石(shi)(shi)化(hua)多加溝通，及時(shi)補充(chong)稀有油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)、機會(hui)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)種(zhong)；根據原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)價(jia)(jia)(jia)格變化(hua)情(qing)況，合(he)理(li)調整(zheng)庫存(cun)，盡可(ke)能降低原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)采(cai)(cai)購(gou)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)。

font螺桿泵石(shi)油(you)化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)壓(ya)力管道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)是(shi)生產(chan)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)作業(ye)的(de)(de)要點(dian)內容，其安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量在根(gen)本(ben)上決定了生產(chan)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全性，化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)石(shi)油(you)公司需(xu)要重點(dian)做好管理，從專(zhuan)業(ye)角(jiao)度(du)出(chu)發，總結以往經(jing)驗(yan)(yan)，有(you)(you)針對(dui)性的(de)(de)采(cai)取措施(shi)(shi)，將質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作落實(shi)到(dao)每個(ge)細節(jie)，控制好每個(ge)節(jie)點(dian)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)規范性和(he)(he)有(you)(you)效性，減少存(cun)在的(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量隱患１．工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理（1）進(jin)(jin)場驗(yan)(yan)收。無(wu)(wu)論是(shi)通過任(ren)何方(fang)式(shi)采(cai)購(gou)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，進(jin)(jin)場時均需(xu)要進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量驗(yan)(yan)收，由(you)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)自(zi)檢(jian)(jian)，自(zi)檢(jian)(jian)合格后向(xiang)(xiang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理提交(jiao)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)進(jin)(jin)場報(bao)(bao)驗(yan)(yan)，報(bao)(bao)驗(yan)(yan)資料(liao)(liao)中(zhong)包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)清單、自(zi)檢(jian)(jian)清單、材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量證(zheng)明文件(jian)(jian)等，報(bao)(bao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理單位(wei)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)審(shen)核。由(you)專(zhuan)業(ye)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)現場對(dui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)外觀質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)檢(jian)(jian)查，特(te)殊材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)管道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)還需(xu)抽樣(yang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)無(wu)(wu)損探傷檢(jian)(jian)測，確(que)認(ren)合格后簽字(zi)確(que)認(ren)方(fang)可使用。（2）現場試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)。石(shi)油(you)化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)壓(ya)力管道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)所有(you)(you)閥(fa)門均需(xu)要進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)，包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)壓(ya)力試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)、密(mi)封試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)以及上密(mi)封試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)等，完成后根(gen)據實(shi)際(ji)情況(kuang)完成試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)報(bao)(bao)告的(de)(de)填寫，并(bing)由(you)專(zhuan)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)、質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量檢(jian)(jian)察員(yuan)、試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)人(ren)員(yuan)等簽字(zi)報(bao)(bao)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理備案(an)。另外，對(dui)于(yu)管道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)防腐與(yu)保(bao)溫的(de)(de)油(you)漆和(he)(he)保(bao)溫材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)，均需(xu)要進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)見證(zheng)送(song)樣(yang)檢(jian)(jian)測，并(bing)由(you)檢(jian)(jian)測單位(wei)出(chu)具檢(jian)(jian)測報(bao)(bao)告且蓋章。２．安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)流程(cheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理（1）安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)準備。石(shi)油(you)化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)壓(ya)力管道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)應向(xiang)(xiang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理單位(wei)提報(bao)(bao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝管道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)，對(dui)于(yu)特(te)殊材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，或是(shi)特(te)殊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的(de)(de)管道(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)，按實(shi)際(ji)情況(kuang)可能要提報(bao)(bao)專(zhuan)門的(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)案(an)審(shen)核通過后方(fang)可進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。所有(you)(you)的(de)(de)焊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)必須經(jing)過資質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)審(shen)查，施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)在施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前向(xiang)(xiang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理單位(wei)提報(bao)(bao)特(te)殊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種報(bao)(bao)驗(yan)(yan)，其中(zhong)包(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)人(ren)員(yuan)清單、焊工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)證(zheng)件(jian)(jian)等。（2）工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量確(que)認(ren)。

目前，世界各(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)對(dui)道(dao)路(lu)(lu)石(shi)油(you)(you)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)產品(pin)牌號的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)劃分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)主要(yao)有三種方(fang)法(fa)，即(ji)按針(zhen)入(ru)(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)(ji)、黏(nian)度(du)(du)(du)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)性(xing)能分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)(ji)在針(zhen)入(ru)(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)系(xi)中，瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)針(zhen)入(ru)(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)試驗(yan)是(shi)(shi)測定(ding)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稠(chou)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)方(fang)法(fa)。25℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)針(zhen)入(ru)(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)給出了(le)接(jie)近年平均使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)溫度(du)(du)(du)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)稠(chou)度(du)(du)(du)。由于方(fang)法(fa)和(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)儀器相對(dui)簡單(dan)，所以(yi)針(zhen)入(ru)(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)(ji)相對(dui)普(pu)及：美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、歐盟、澳大(da)利亞(ya)、日(ri)(ri)本等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現行(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)仍保留(liu)該體(ti)系(xi)。黏(nian)度(du)(du)(du)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)系(xi)是(shi)(shi)根據瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)或(huo)薄(bo)膜烘(hong)箱(xiang)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)在60℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黏(nian)度(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)來確(que)定(ding)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)環境和(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)條(tiao)件(jian)。在該體(ti)系(xi)中，60℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黏(nian)度(du)(du)(du)表(biao)(biao)征(zheng)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)溫性(xing)能，體(ti)系(xi)中還(huan)給出了(le)其他(ta)試驗(yan)要(yao)求如(ru)25℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)針(zhen)入(ru)(ru)(ru)度(du)(du)(du)、135℃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)黏(nian)度(du)(du)(du)等(deng)。黏(nian)度(du)(du)(du)試驗(yan)儀器較簡單(dan)，重(zhong)復(fu)性(xing)好，所以(yi)在北(bei)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家和(he)日(ri)(ri)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)黏(nian)度(du)(du)(du)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)中采用(yong)(yong)(yong)了(le)該體(ti)系(xi)。性(xing)能（PG）分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)系(xi)是(shi)(shi)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)聯邦公路(lu)(lu)局歷(li)經5年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究所進行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)戰略(lve)公路(lu)(lu)計(ji)劃中有關瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究成果。在PG分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)級(ji)(ji)(ji)體(ti)系(xi)中，用(yong)(yong)(yong)路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)最高(gao)設(she)計(ji)溫度(du)(du)(du)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動態(tai)剪切模量(liang)表(biao)(biao)征(zheng)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)溫性(xing)能，用(yong)(yong)(yong)最低路(lu)(lu)面(mian)(mian)設(she)計(ji)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)勁度(du)(du)(du)和(he)勁度(du)(du)(du)隨變形的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變化速(su)率(lv)表(biao)(biao)征(zheng)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低溫性(xing)能，用(yong)(yong)(yong)疲勞(lao)溫度(du)(du)(du)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動態(tai)剪切模量(liang)表(biao)(biao)征(zheng)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)抗疲勞(lao)性(xing)能用(yong)(yong)(yong)旋(xuan)轉薄(bo)膜烘(hong)箱(xiang)試驗(yan)和(he)壓(ya)力老化試驗(yan)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別(bie)表(biao)(biao)征(zheng)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)短期老化和(he)長(chang)期老化性(xing)能。目前我國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現行(xing)(xing)道(dao)路(lu)(lu)石(shi)油(you)(you)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)主要(yao)包括國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、石(shi)油(you)(you)化工(gong)行(xing)(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、交通行(xing)(xing)業(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)、以(yi)及中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)石(shi)化集團公司、中國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)海洋(yang)石(shi)油(you)(you)公司等(deng)企業(ye)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。中華人民共(gong)和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)家標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)GB/T15180-2010《重(zhong)交通道(dao)路(lu)(lu)石(shi)油(you)(you)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)》于2011年5月(yue)1日(ri)(ri)開始實施(shi)，該標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)規定(ding)了(le)以(yi)石(shi)油(you)(you)為原(yuan)料、經各(ge)(ge)種工(gong)藝生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)適用(yong)(yong)(yong)于修筑高(gao)等(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)道(dao)路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)石(shi)油(you)(you)瀝(li)(li)(li)(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術條(tiao)件(jian)。

也(ye)可以用少量漂(piao)白劑，效果也(ye)不錯。

2.測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)前(qian)看(kan)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)氣泡(pao)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)(fou)在中間位(wei)置，如(ru)果(guo)不(bu)在則要(yao)調ldquo，03.轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動左(zuo)右調節旋(xuan)(xuan)鈕(niu)，使(shi)(shi)氣泡(pao)調整到中間位(wei)置，這是(shi)(shi)可以(yi)進(jin)行(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。4.將選配號的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)旋(xuan)(xuan)入(ru)連接螺(luo)(luo)桿上(shang)(shang)(shang)，旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)升降(jiang)鈕(niu)。使(shi)(shi)儀(yi)器(qi)緩慢(man)下(xia)降(jiang)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)逐(zhu)漸浸沒待測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)液(ye)中，直到轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)液(ye)面標(biao)志和液(ye)面平齊，設定(ding)(ding)(ding)好(hao)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速，進(jin)行(xing)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。二、旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注意事項：1.在規定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)下(xia)進(jin)行(xing)，因為(wei)溫度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)對(dui)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)有十(shi)分重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。2.待測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)液(ye)體不(bu)能(neng)有大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣泡(pao)存在。3.一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)在電(dian)機(ji)運轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)時(shi)變更轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)速。4.連接螺(luo)(luo)桿和轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)處應該保(bao)(bao)持干凈，否(fou)(fou)則將影響(xiang)到轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正確(que)(que)連接和轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)性(xing)。5.轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)每(mei)(mei)次用(yong)(yong)完要(yao)及時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)（不(bu)得(de)在儀(yi)器(qi)上(shang)(shang)(shang)進(jin)行(xing)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)），不(bu)能(neng)出現用(yong)(yong)完不(bu)清(qing)(qing)洗(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況，不(bu)然影響(xiang)下(xia)次測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)結(jie)果(guo)。粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong):1、機(ji)器(qi)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)要(yao)保(bao)(bao)持水(shui)平狀(zhuang)態.2、轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)放(fang)入(ru)樣(yang)品中時(shi)要(yao)避免產生氣泡(pao)，否(fou)(fou)則測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)會(hui)降(jiang)低，避免的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法是(shi)(shi)將轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)傾斜的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)放(fang)入(ru)樣(yang)品中，然后再安裝轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)不(bu)能(neng)碰(peng)到杯(bei)壁和杯(bei)底，被(bei)(bei)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樣(yang)品必須沒過規定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)刻度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du).3、再測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)不(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樣(yang)品時(shi)，必須保(bao)(bao)持轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)和干燥，，如(ru)果(guo)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)殘(can)留(liu)有其它樣(yang)品或(huo)清(qing)(qing)潔(jie)后殘(can)留(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)，就會(hui)影響(xiang)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)(zhun)確(que)(que)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du).4、酸性(xing)（PH）大不(bu)能(neng)超過2，如(ru)果(guo)酸性(xing)過大應選用(yong)(yong)特殊轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)ULA時(shi)要(yao)確(que)(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)好(hao)樣(yang)品量(liang)（只(zhi)需(xu)16ml）.5、根(gen)據測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)范圍選擇(ze)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)液(ye)，并在每(mei)(mei)次使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計(ji)或(huo)流(liu)(liu)變儀(yi)前(qian)對(dui)儀(yi)器(qi)進(jin)行(xing)驗(yan)證(zheng)，或(huo)定(ding)(ding)(ding)期(qi)校驗(yan)，以(yi)保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)(zhun)確(que)(que)性(xing)。BROOKFIELD可提供各粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)范圍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)符合(he)牛頓流(liu)(liu)體性(xing)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硅油或(huo)油類標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)品，精度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)plusmn，1%，粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建議(yi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)期(qi)限為(wei)自開封起一(yi)(yi)年.6、取值(zhi)要(yao)在數值(zhi)比較穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)時(shi)，否(fou)(fou)則取得(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數值(zhi)會(hui)存在較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)誤差.7、選擇(ze)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)時(shi)，要(yao)看(kan)被(bei)(bei)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樣(yang)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粘(zhan)(zhan)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)和幾(ji)號轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)范圍接近，就選幾(ji)號.8、連接轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)時(shi)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)左(zuo)手(shou)輕(qing)輕(qing)托起并捏(nie)住心軸（主機(ji)上(shang)(shang)(shang)），右手(shou)旋(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)，這樣(yang)操作(zuo)是(shi)(shi)為(wei)了保(bao)(bao)護機(ji)身內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)心軸和游(you)絲，這樣(yang)可以(yi)延長(chang)儀(yi)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)壽命.。

在(zai)節約資(zi)源(yuan)、節能降(jiang)耗與(yu)失信環境友好型的政(zheng)策實施的支撐層面上有(you)著舉足輕重的影(ying)響中(zhong)國(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)學會石油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)專業(ye)委員會和(he)(he)中(zhong)國(guo)膜(mo)(mo)工(gong)業(ye)協(xie)會石油(you)和(he)(he)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)膜(mo)(mo)技術(shu)應(ying)用(yong)專業(ye)委員會，為順應(ying)行業(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)戰略的迫(po)切需(xu)要(yao)，通(tong)過超越(yue)常規，跨越(yue)式的發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)思路和(he)(he)手段(duan)，把(ba)新(xin)(xin)穎膜(mo)(mo)技術(shu)緊緊扎根于(yu)石油(you)發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)(he)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)領(ling)域，繼2002年(nian)(nian)杭州會議之后于(yu)2003年(nian)(nian)10月在(zai)江(jiang)蘇吳江(jiang)召開(kai)了第(di)二次“膜(mo)(mo)分離技術(shu)應(ying)用(yong)和(he)(he)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)污水(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)”研討會。其中(zhong)：涉及(ji)廢水(shui)資(zi)源(yuan)及(ji)工(gong)業(ye)廢水(shui)零排放、石化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)業(ye)廢氣(qi)回收(shou)及(ji)其資(zi)源(yuan)再利用(yong)，新(xin)(xin)穎高(gao)效低(di)投(tou)入纖維膜(mo)(mo)接(jie)觸(chu)器實用(yong)技術(shu)以及(ji)膜(mo)(mo)分離和(he)(he)其它技術(shu)集成工(gong)藝等方面，通(tong)過這次研討會，力求做到(dao)膜(mo)(mo)技術(shu)在(zai)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)業(ye)中(zhong)應(ying)用(yong)推廣達到(dao)一(yi)個新(xin)(xin)水(shui)平，把(ba)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)經典工(gong)藝和(he)(he)新(xin)(xin)穎分離技術(shu)有(you)機(ji)結(jie)合為一(yi)種(zhong)創新(xin)(xin)工(gong)藝技術(shu)，從而促進我國(guo)石油(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)工(gong)業(ye)的更大發(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。我公司(si)也極愿為此貢獻自(zi)己的綿薄之力。陶瓷濾芯陶瓷膜(mo)(mo)陶瓷膜(mo)(mo)過濾器。

　　5.把樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)注(zhu)(zhu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)池時(shi)(shi)(shi)，液體(ti)(ti)進(jin)樣(yang)(yang)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)針頭要(yao)插入(ru)到(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液中(zhong)，液體(ti)(ti)、固體(ti)(ti)、氣體(ti)(ti)進(jin)樣(yang)(yang)器及樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)不(bu)應與滴定(ding)(ding)(ding)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內壁及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極接(jie)觸(chu)　　6.要(yao)保證每次進(jin)樣(yang)(yang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)致性。一(yi)(yi)致性越(yue)好，數(shu)據重(zhong)復性越(yue)好。　　（三(san)）試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)事項　　1.使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)因(yin)空(kong)氣濕度(du)大(da)、做(zuo)(zuo)樣(yang)(yang)頻繁(fan)或做(zuo)(zuo)固體(ti)(ti)樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)容易(yi)到(dao)(dao)終(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，這(zhe)是在(zai)(zai)實驗時(shi)(shi)(shi)最常見的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個問題。對(dui)(dui)因(yin)空(kong)氣濕度(du)大(da)、做(zuo)(zuo)固體(ti)(ti)樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)容易(yi)到(dao)(dao)終(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，可(ke)(ke)以采取(qu)(qu)搖動(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)池，吸收(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)池內部(bu)空(kong)間中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)，可(ke)(ke)使(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)較快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)達到(dao)(dao)終(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)。　　2.對(dui)(dui)做(zuo)(zuo)樣(yang)(yang)頻繁(fan)或試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)接(jie)近(jin)(jin)失(shi)效時(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)容易(yi)到(dao)(dao)終(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，可(ke)(ke)采取(qu)(qu)注(zhu)(zhu)入(ru)適(shi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)來調節一(yi)(yi)下試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈敏度(du)，使(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)較快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)達到(dao)(dao)終(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian).　　3.試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)很長時(shi)(shi)(shi)間后(hou)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)碘消耗過(guo)多接(jie)近(jin)(jin)失(shi)效時(shi)(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)不(bu)容易(yi)到(dao)(dao)終(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian)，此時(shi)(shi)(shi)應該(gai)盡(jin)快(kuai)(kuai)(kuai)更換(huan)(huan)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)。如(ru)果沒有新試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)又(you)急需(xu)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣(yang)(yang)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，可(ke)(ke)臨時(shi)(shi)(shi)采取(qu)(qu)注(zhu)(zhu)入(ru)適(shi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)純(chun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)來調節一(yi)(yi)下試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)劑(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈敏度(du)，促使(shi)(shi)(shi)其(qi)達到(dao)(dao)終(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)(dian).此時(shi)(shi)(shi)測(ce)(ce)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果僅能(neng)作為參考。微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)實際使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)過(guo)程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注(zhu)(zhu)意(yi)事項_微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液如(ru)何更換(huan)(huan)在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液不(bu)能(neng)使(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，需(xu)要(yao)更換(huan)(huan)微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液，怎么更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作與更換(huan)(huan)微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液呢？下面(mian)深(shen)圳(zhen)市芬(fen)析(xi)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)器制造有限公司提供全(quan)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)儀(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液如(ru)何更換(huan)(huan)1、將點(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)干(gan)燥管放在(zai)(zai)干(gan)凈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濾紙(zhi)上，拿出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極后(hou)將電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液倒掉(diao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)池內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液也需(xu)緩緩倒掉(diao)。2、如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)池因(yin)污(wu)染需(xu)清(qing)洗，應在(zai)(zai)清(qing)洗后(hou)烘干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)池。3、利用(yong)(yong)無(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)甲(jia)醇等無(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溶劑(ji)(ji)(ji)對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)池瓶、干(gan)燥管、進(jin)樣(yang)(yang)旋塞(sai)、測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極等進(jin)行(xing)清(qing)洗，盡(jin)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)不(bu)要(yao)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)清(qing)洗電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極底(di)部(bu)白色板，若(ruo)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)清(qing)洗后(hou)應將其(qi)烘干(gan)。4、清(qing)洗時(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)能(neng)將清(qing)洗液碰觸(chu)到(dao)(dao)兩插頭、線及膠冒部(bu)分(fen)。